Rheumatoid arthritis, tendonitis and bursitis are typical causes of chronic knee pain that can last a lifetime.
Just like the knee, the shoulder (glenohumeral joint) is a complex system of bones, cartilage, muscle, ligaments and tendons. Shoulder injury or pain tends to worsen when you move your arm or shoulder, and shoulder pain should not be confused with “referred pain” which may be a symptom of a heart attack if accompanied by chest pain or shortness of breathe and particularly the left shoulder is affected. The most common condition of the shoulder is bursitis or tendonitis of the rotator cuff. The tendons in the rotator cuff can tear or separate from the bone, which can require surgery.
Dislocation, Rotator Cuff and Bursitis
Many shoulder issues are interrelated. For instance, a torn rotator cuff may be related to tendonitis and frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis) may be caused by bursitis. Shoulder dislocation is extremely painful and this occurs when the upper end of the humerus slides out of the shoulder socket. Dislocations can be caused by injuries or when the joint is too loose. When the ball comes out of the socket during a dislocation, a portion of the labrum is torn or separated from the socket. Depending on the location of the tear, this is called a Bankart tear or SLAP lesion. A partial dislocation is called subluxation. Physical therapy is strongly suggested in cases of subluxation to strengthen the muscles and hold the ball in the socket.
How a separated shoulder occurs
A separated shoulder occurs where the collarbone (clavicle) and shoulder blade (scapula) meet. A severe blow can cause the outer end of the collarbone to slip out of place, causing ligaments that normally hold the collar bone down to tear. This usually is caused by a severe blow to the shoulder, or by falling on an outstretched hand. The collar bone will stick up and a bump can be seen on top of the shoulder. Most shoulder separations heal within a few months without further treatment. However, sometimes the ligaments are too severely torn to keep the clavicle in place and arthroscopic surgery may be recommended to repair or replace the ligaments.
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