Ankle pain can be associated with swelling, stiffness, redness, and warmth in the involved area, and it is commonly caused by a sprain or fracture. Sprains and fractures are typically due to accidental falls or sports injury, particularly in sport with jumping and quick direction changes like basketball, football, and soccer. Any bone injury near a joint may injure the growth plate (physis) in a child and needs to be evaluated. An orthopedic surgeon should be consulted, especially in pediatric injuries, and physical therapy may be required to ensure proper healing.


The pain associated with a sprain is often described as an intense dull ache that occurs upon weight bearing and ankle motion and ankle flexion and mobility may be limited. A sprain is caused by the twisting or bending of a joint into a position it was not designed to move. Ankle sprains are one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries, and a preexisting muscle weakness in the ankle area or previous ankle injury can make a person prone to arthritis and tendonitis.

Treating Sprain Injuries in ankles

Sprains are injuries to the ligaments of the ankle, causing them to partially or completely tear as a result of sudden stretching. They can occur on either or both of the inner and outer portions of the ankle joint where the ligaments connect the bones. Use rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) for pain and swelling, and be sure to see a professional or go to the emergency room if you experience pain when not weight bearing.

Types of Fractures

The symptoms from a fracture are similar, but the pain typically persists even when not weight bearing. For sprains and fractures, doctors usually place a splint or air cast on your injured ankle for a few weeks until the swelling goes down around the joint. The type of fracture and the stability of your joint will determine the type of splint that will be used. If the cast hurts, pinches, or feels like it is digging into your skin, it may be too tight and may cause additional damage or improper healing and your healthcare professional should be contacted immediately. In some cases with fractures, the bones may have to be realigned prior to getting a brace or splint. An operation may be required if the bones cannot be realigned or if a compound fracture has occurred. Compound fractures occur when the bone breaks through the skin and it is more serious than a simple fracture.



Older people or athletes with previous injuries are more susceptible to underlying inflammatory diseases or illnesses such as reactive arthritis and osteoarthritis. All forms of tendonitis cause pain, swelling, and tenderness in the tendon area involved. Osteoarthritis is degeneration of the cartilage and tissues from wear and tear on the body and joints. The most essential element of foot and ankle care for people with foot and ankle osteoarthritis is to wear shoes that fit properly and feel comfortable and avoid flip flops or high heels and pointed shoes.